Antiferromagnetic spin-3/2 Heisenberg model with the effects of Dzyaloshinskii–Moriya interaction

Abstract

The antiferromagnetic (AFM) spin-3/2 Heisenberg model is explored by using a mean-field approach (MFA) with the inclusion of spin operators for a square lattice. The considered Hamiltonian consists of the bilinear exchange interaction [Formula: see text] and Dzyaloshinskii–Moriya interaction (DMI) [Formula: see text] parameters between the nearest-neighbor (NN) spins along the z- and y-axes and external magnetic field components [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text] acting along the x- and z-axes, respectively. After obtaining the mathematical formulation of the magnetization components along the x- and z-directions in the MFA, their thermal changes are inspected to obtain the phase diagrams on the ([Formula: see text], T) and (H, T) planes for the given values of [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text], respectively, with [Formula: see text] which leads to AFM interactions. It is found that the model not only presents the AFM and ferromagnetic (FM) phases but also the random (R) phase regions created by the existence of [Formula: see text] interaction. These three phases are observed to coexist for the appropriate values of given system parameters. The phase lines exhibit reentrant behavior when only the FM and R phases are present.