Abstract
BackgroundDiabetes mellitus (DM) is one of the most common endocrinal diseases characterized by hyperglycemia and altered metabolism of lipids, carbohydrates, and proteins with an increased risk of many complications. Bioactive drugs extracted from natural sources had been used in a wide range of treatment for many diseases. This work aimed to investigate the potential antidiabetic effect of Egyptian honey bee venom (BV) in alloxan-induced diabetic rats.Subjects and methodsForty adult male albino rats (140–180 g) were used in the study and divided into five groups each of eight rats. The normal control group, diabetic group, high- and low-dose BV-treated groups, and vildagliptin-treated group. Blood samples and pancreases were collected after 6 weeks of the experiment.ResultsTreatment of diabetic rats with BV revealed a significant decrease in serum glucose level accompanied by a significant increase in insulin level. Malondialdehyde (MDA), cholesterol, triglycerides, creatinine, and aminotransferases (ALT and AST) levels were significantly decreased after BV treatment in comparison with diabetic animals. Total antioxidant capacity (TAC), glutathione (GSH) contents, and catalase (CAT) activity had improved. Histological examination of the pancreas indicated a marked improvement in the islet architecture and marked regeneration of insulin-secreting β-cell in diabetic BV-treated rats.ConclusionThe study concluded that BV could have the ability to lower glucose level in diabetic rats and enhance insulin secretion, and relieved the various biochemical and histological abnormalities resulted due to diabetes metabolic disorders.
Highlights
Diabetes mellitus (DM) is one of the most common endocrinal diseases characterized by hyperglycemia and altered metabolism of lipids, carbohydrates, and proteins with an increased risk of many complications
Treatment of diabetic rats with bee venom (BV) revealed a significant decrease in serum glucose level accompanied by a significant increase in insulin level
Histological examination of the pancreas indicated a marked improvement in the islet architecture and marked regeneration of insulin-secreting β-cell in diabetic BV-treated rats
Summary
Diabetes mellitus (DM) is one of the most common endocrinal diseases characterized by hyperglycemia and altered metabolism of lipids, carbohydrates, and proteins with an increased risk of many complications. As DM is characterized by elevated blood glucose level that if not controlled efficiently will cause end-organ damages in many systems like genitourinary, cardiovascular, neurological, and the eyes (Park & Jang, 2017) All of these characters make DM a challenge that in need of an efficient and longstanding medical care which can control elevated blood glucose level and Insulin is not the only treatment of DM; there were many known oral medications that help to lower elevated blood glucose levels such as glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists and dipeptidyl peptidase 4 inhibitors (Thakare, Shende, Shirure, & Swami, 2017) These drugs have adverse unwanted effects which necessitate the need for new modalities like natural products to replace those (Hossen, Gan, & Khalil, 2017). BV had been used as a drug due to its therapeutic effects on many illnesses like neurological, cardiovascular, hematological, musculoskeletal, and dermatological diseases (Abdela & Jilo, 2016; Sforcin, Bankova, & Kuropatnicki, 2017)
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