Abstract
In the current study, four Onobrychis species, O. albiflora Hub.-Mor., O. argyrea Boiss. subsp. argyrea Boiss., O. galegifolia Boiss., and O. tournefortii (Willd.) Desv. were collected from Anatolia to be evaluated for their antidiabetic activities. Methanol water extracts of the aerial parts were used for experiments. An alloxan-induced diabetic mice test model was used. Phytochemical analysis of the tested extracts was investigated using the HPLC method. The highest activity was observed with treatment of O. albiflora aerial part extract. Significant decrements were detected in the blood glucose levels as follows: 180.83±47.48 and 252.83±50.47mg/dL at 100 mg/kg and 200 mg/kg doses of O. albiflora, respectively, when compared to the isotonic saline solution control group, eliciting a blood glucose level of 494.20±27.32. Among the tested standard compounds, rutin and isoquercetin were detected in the examined species. The highest amount of rutin (1.1981±0.0017%) and isoquercetin (0.7318±0.0197%) were found in O. albiflora and O. argyrea subsp. argyrea, respectively. Antidiabetic activities of the tested Onobrychis species seem to indicate a possible correlation with their rutin and isoquercetin contents. Therefore, rutin and isoquercetin may be the antidiabetic compounds that contribute to the antidiabetic activity of the tested Onobrychis species.
Highlights
Onobrychis Miller belongs to the Fabaceae family and is widely distributed in Southwest Asia, Mediterranean countries, and temperate regions of Europe; with around 170 species (Karamian, Asadbegy 2016)
Mice were kept without food following the last alloxan treatment, and blood glucose levels were measured
Mice with blood glucose levels of 200 mg/dL and higher were subjected to further studies as diabetic animals
Summary
Onobrychis Miller belongs to the Fabaceae family and is widely distributed in Southwest Asia, Mediterranean countries, and temperate regions of Europe; with around 170 species (Karamian, Asadbegy 2016). Onobrychis viciifolia Scop., known as sainfoin, is used as fodder legume in many countries and has many beneficial effects for ruminants, including providing high protein and energy value, exhibiting antihelmintic activity in cattle and sheep with preventive activities against bloat; which are attributed to the tannin content of the plant (Regos, Urbanella, Treutter, 2009). From a chemical point of view, no sufficient studies have been conducted on the Onobrychis species. Onobrychis viciifolia, the best known species of this genus, contains.
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