Anticariogenic and Anti-Inflammatory Activity of Coffee Bean Powder Ethanolic Extract

Abstract

Introduction: Coffee bean powder has a rich source of natural antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties due to the presence of chlorogenic and phenolic acid components. The chlorogenic and phenolic acids along with other aromatic compounds are presented to have antibacterial effects against pathogenic microorganisms thereby preventing the invasion of dental caries over the tooth surface. The anticariogenic agents in coffee bean powder were found to be effective against s.mutans and e.faecalis. Inflammation is well understood as a critical biological response protecting the host’s body from pathogens to maintain tissue homeostasis. Hence, the current study aims to evaluate the anticariogenic and anti-inflammatory activity of coffee bean powder ethanolic extract. Materials and Methods: 40 mg of coffee bean powder was diluted in 25ml of ethanolic solution and was boiled for 20 minutes to produce 20 ml of coffee bean powder ethanolic extract. Anticariogenic activity was carried against the strains of s.mutans, e.faecalis, s.aureus and c.albicans by disc diffusion method in MHA agar and the zone of inhibition was determined. Anti-inflammatory activity was achieved by using Muzushima and Kabayashi method of test with specific alteration and the reagent was bovine serum albumin with diclofenac sodium as standard. Results and discussion: The zone of inhibition of s.mutans in 100µL of coffee bean powder ethanolic extract was 14mm. The zone of inhibition of c.albicans in 100µLwas 13mm which is higher than the standard antibody. The effectiveness inhibition of bacteria is found to increase with increase in the concentration of the extract. Similarly, anti-inflammatory activity observed a value of 84.8% in 50µL concentration which is higher than the standard diclofenac sodium compound. Conclusion: Hence the current study concludes that coffee bean powder ethanolic extract can be used as a potent anti-cariogenic and anti-inflammatory agent against dental caries and tissue injuries