Antibiotic use for prophylaxis and empirical therapy of fracture-related infections in Germany : Asurvey of 44hospitals

Abstract

Antibiotics play an important role in the prophylaxis and treatment of infections in orthopedic trauma surgery; however, there seems to be remarkable differences in the clinical antibiotic practice between hospitals, particularly for open fractures and for the empirical therapy of fracture-related infections (FRI). Therefore, we intended to evaluate the current clinical praxis in university and workers' compensation hospitals in Germany with aquestionnaire on prophylaxis and empirical treatment of FRI. The results were compared with the resistance profile of 86FRI patients in order to analyze the hypothetical effectiveness of the empirical treatment. A total of 44hospitals (62.0%) responded. Ahomogeneous antibiotic prophylaxis (95.5% of all hospitals) with cephalosporins was reported for perioperative prophylaxis of internal fixation of closed fractures. For open fractures, eight different monotherapy and combination treatment concepts were reported. In empirical treatment of FRI, 12different therapeutic concepts were reported, including aminopenicillins/beta lactamase inhibitors (BLI) (31.8%), cephalosporins (31.8%), and ampicillin/sulbactam + vancomycin (9.1%). In terms of the hypothetical effectiveness of these antibiotic regimes, low sensitivity rates of 65.1% and 74.4% for cephalosporins and aminopenicillins/BLI, respectively, were found. For the combination vancomycin + meropenem, the highest hypothetical sensitivity (91.9%) was detected. Based on the existing, institution-specific pathogen spectrum, the combination therapy including meropenem and vancomycin seems to be of value but should be restricted to patients with multiple revision procedures or aseptic course of infection in order to prevent the selection of highly resistant pathogens.