Abstract
IntroductionAntibiotics are among the most commonly misused of all drugs, which results in antibiotic resistance and waste of resources and it has not been studied in Ethiopia. Therefore, this study was carried out to assess antibiotic use–related problems and their costs among patients hospitalized at the surgical ward of Jimma University Medical Center.MethodsHospital-based prospective observational study was used to assess the prevalence, cost, and determinants of antibiotic use–related problems; multiple stepwise backward logistic regression analysis was done for a P value of < 0.25 to look for predictors of antibiotic use-related problems. Written informed consent was obtained and confidentiality was secured.ResultsAmong 300 participants, antibiotic use–related problems (ABURPs) were found in 69.3% of the study participants. The direct total cost attributed to these problems was approximated to a minimum of 2230.15 US$. Independent predictors for antibiotic use–related problems were: indication for antibiotic use like: use of antibiotic for prophylaxis; p < 0.0001, antibiotic use for both therapeutic & prophylaxis; p < 0.0001, CDC wound class I and II; p = 0.016 and; p = 0.002 respectively, overall poly-pharmacy and greater than 2 antibiotic exposure during hospital stay; p = 0.019and p = 0.006 respectively and hospital stay for ≥21 days; p = 0.007.ConclusionThe prevalence of antibiotic use-related problems was high and resulted in extra cost. Antibiotic use for prophylaxis, prophylaxis, and treatment, poly-pharmacy, greater than 2 antibiotic exposures during the hospital stay, CDC wound class I and II, and duration of hospital stay of ≥ 21 days was found to be independent predictors of antibiotic use–related problems.
Highlights
Antibiotics are among the most commonly misused of all drugs, which results in antibiotic resistance and waste of resources and it has not been studied in Ethiopia
Antimicrobials are used as prophylaxis and/ or therapeutic agents in surgery ward[2, 3], but indiscriminate uses is the main contributor to the emergence of resistant microbial strains[4, 5]
In addition to World Health Organization (WHO), Center for Disease Prevention and Control of America (CDC) strongly recommends that governments should focus on control and prevention efforts through promoting rational antibiotic use, in health care facilities to limit the spread of multi-drug resistant strains and reduce the generation of antibiotic-resistant bacteria [11,12,13,14]
Summary
Antibiotics are among the most commonly misused of all drugs, which results in antibiotic resistance and waste of resources and it has not been studied in Ethiopia. This study was carried out to assess antibiotic use–related problems and their costs among patients hospitalized at the surgical ward of Jimma University Medical Center. Editor: Rodney D Adam, Aga Khan University Kenya, KENYA
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