Antibiotic susceptibility pattern of extended spectrum β-lactamase ESBL producing gram negative bacilli in a tertiary care teaching hospital, Bareilly, India

Abstract

Background: The increasing prevalence of infections caused by antibiotic-resistant bacteria makes empirical treatment of these infections difficult. Resistance to a wide variety of common antimicrobials has made the proliferation of extended spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL) producing strains a serious global health concern that has complicated treatment strategies and is very alarming. This study was undertaken to identify ESBL production in various gram negative bacilli isolated and to further study the antibiogram of ESBL producers and their contribution towards anti-microbial resistance.Methods: A total of 2008 samples were taken and studied for positive bacterial growth. Presence of ESBL positivity was detected using Kirby-Bauer sensitivity testing method and their antibiogram was studied. Data was analysed using IBM SPSS version 20. Chi-square test was applied wherever applicable to check the significant difference among the different groups. p value of ≤0.05 was considered to be significant.Results: A total of 2008 samples were studied. Out of which 655 gave positive bacterial growth and amongst these 312 were ESBL producers. Resistance to multiple classes of antibiotics was observed among ESBL producers and mostly imipenem, colistin and polymyxin B were the antibiotics which were sensitive to most of the strains.Conclusions: The frequency of ESBL producing strains among clinical isolates has been steadily increasing. Advance drug resistance surveillance and development of newer antibiotics is necessary to guide the appropriate and judicious antibiotic use.