Abstract
Objectives: The main objective of this study was to investigate the bacterial infections of urinary tract in patients with urolithiasis. The patients were referred to and/or visiting the Urology Department in Tikrit Teaching Hospital in Tikrit city. Methods: The present study was carried out from November 2011 until July 2012. One hundred and sixty patients with urolithiasis were included in the present study whose ages ranged from 12 to 70 years. Male to female ratio was almost 2:1. The control group consisted of two groups; group one consisted of 40 persons (20 males and 20 females) who were selected randomly from Tikrit city during the period of this study and they had no previous personal nor family history of urolithiasis, while group two consist of 40 persons (20 males and 20 females) infected with urinary tract infection. Urine culture was done for all the patients and the control group. Results: Forty five percent (45/160) of these had UTI’s. Six patients revealed mixed bacterial growth. Eighty-four percent (38/45) of patients with UTI were infected with gram negative organisms where as only 16% (7/45) of patients were infected with gram positive organisms. The majority of the gram negative bacteria isolated belonged to the family Enterobacteriaceae particularly E. coli as it was isolated from 14 (31%) cases. The urease producing bacteria were isolated from 31 cases (50%). Conclusions: UTI’s in urolithiasis was more frequent in females than males and the percentages were 28/45 and 17/45 respectively. The most effective antimicrobial agent was amikacin and the least effective one was ampicillin, whereas ciprofloxacin, cefoxitin, levofloxacin, nitrofurantoin, nalidixic acid, chloramphenicol, amoxycillin and gentamicin were effective at different levels.
Highlights
Antibiotic resistance is a specific type of drug resistance when a microorganism has the ability of withstanding the effects of antibiotics
E. coli was the most prevalent followed by Proteus mirabilis, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Staphylococcus aureus, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Staphylococcus Saprophyticus and Serratia marcescenes and the frequencies of isolation were 22.2% (10), 15.5% (7), 11.1% (5), 7.4% (5), 13.3% (6), 4.4% (2) and 2.2% (1) respectively
The present study showed a high elevation in antibiotic resistance of pathogens isolated fron the Iraqi patients compared to previous years [18]
Summary
Antibiotic resistance is a specific type of drug resistance when a microorganism has the ability of withstanding the effects of antibiotics. Urinary Tract Infections (UTIs) are one of the most prevalent extra-intestinal bacterial infections. Nowadays, it represents one of the most common diseases encountered in medical practice affecting people of all ages from the neonate to the geriatric age group [1]. Most infections are caused by retrograde ascent of bacteria from the faecal flora via the urethra to the bladder and kidney especially in the females who have a shorter and wider urethra and are more readily transferred by microorganisms [3]. The emergence of antibiotic resistance in the management of UTIs is a serious public health issue, in the developing world where apart from high level of poverty, ignorance and poor hygienic practices, there is high prevalence of fake and spurious drugs of questionable quality in circulation. Studies aimed at gaining knowledge about the type of pathogens responsible for UTIs and their susceptibility patterns may help the clinicians to choose the right em-
Sign-in/Register to view highlights & summary Talk to us
Join us for a 30 min session where you can share your feedback and ask us any queries you have
Schedule a callDisclaimer: All third-party content on this website/platform is and will remain the property of their respective owners and is provided on "as is" basis without any warranties, express or implied. Use of third-party content does not indicate any affiliation, sponsorship with or endorsement by them. Any references to third-party content is to identify the corresponding services and shall be considered fair use under The CopyrightLaw.
