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Abstract
BackgroundThe presence of antibiotic resistant microorganisms in food is of great concern globally. This research was carried out to detect and characterize plasmid carriage and profiles among members of Enterobacteriaceae from different meat types in Nigeria.MethodFrom a total of 80 meat samples comprising of mutton, pork, beef and chicken, organisms belonging to the family Enterobacteriaceae were isolated by standard procedures and identified by API 20E system. Antibiotics susceptibilities testing (AST) against selected classes of antimicrobial agents and plasmid extraction was carried out by disc diffusion and alkaline lysis methods respectively.ResultsOne-hundred and ten Enterobacteriaceae were isolated, species identification revealed isolates belonging to 7 genera comprising of Escherichia, Enterobacter, Klebsiella, Citrobacter, Proteus, Salmonella and Serratia. Overall resistance of the organisms to amoxycillin/clavulanic acid was 91 (82.7%), streptomycin 85 (75.7%) and perfloxacin 74 (67.2%) while ofloxacin had the highest susceptibility rate (91.8%). Plasmids profiling revealed ranges of plasmids from1 to 3 copies with estimated sizes range of 700bp to 1.1kb among E. coli, K. pneumoniae, E. aerogenes and Proteus mirabilis. All the isolates with plasmids were multidrug resistant and were isolated from chicken except a strain of E. coli from pork which harboured a single plasmid copy suggesting these meat as reservoirs for antibiotic resistant bacteria. ConclusionOur findings revealed high level of meat contamination with antibiotic resistant Enterobacteriaceae harbouring resistant plasmids. An integrated surveillance system and safety practice must be ensured among the processors and retailers.
Highlights
Foodborne disease associated with contaminated meats and meat products is a major public health issue
One-hundred and ten Enterobacteriaceae were isolated, species identification revealed isolates belonging to 7 genera comprising of Escherichia, Enterobacter, Klebsiella, Citrobacter, Proteus, Salmonella and Serratia
Plasmids profiling revealed ranges of plasmids from1 to 3 copies with estimated sizes range of 700bp to 1.1kb among E. coli, K. pneumoniae, E. aerogenes and Proteus mirabilis
Summary
Foodborne disease associated with contaminated meats and meat products is a major public health issue. The family Enterobacteriaceae consists of a large heterogeneous group of Gram-negative rod-shaped bacteria that are naturally found in the mammalian gut can be found in other environments. They are useful indicators of food quality, hygiene, and contamination, examples include Escherichia coli, Salmonella spp. and Shigella spp. Contamination of meat and meat products by antibiotic-resistant pathogenic members of Enterobacteriaceae is of great concern globally because of the health consequences which in some cases result in high mortality.
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