Abstract
Antibiotics happen to be the most commonly used medicines, especially in developing countries like India, where infectious diseases are at a raise. Millions of antibiotics are prescribed by physicians all over India. The main objective of the present study is to analyze the prescription pattern of the antibiotics given to the in-patients of our hospital and to access the rationality of these prescriptions given, using the World Health Organization's core drug prescribing indicators. A total of 400 in- patients from Departments of Pediatrics, General Surgery, Obstetrics & Gynecology and Orthopedics were analyzed after screening for inclusion and exclusion criteria. The numbers of females are 248 (62%) and the males are 152 (38%) in a ratio of 1:1.63. 101 patients belonged to 40-60 years age group. The pattern of antibiotic usage in the Department of Pediatrics, Obstetrics and Gynecology, General Surgery, Orthopedics was studied. The most common antibiotics prescribed were Cefotaxime (44%), Amoxicillin(38%) and Cefazolin (38%, 24%) in Departments of Pediatrics, Obstetrics & Gynecology, Surgery and Orthopedics respectively. The total numbers of drugs prescribed were 1441 out of which 612 were antibiotics (43.09%). The number of antibiotics per prescription was 1.53. The average number of drugs prescribed per prescription was 3.6. The percentage of encounters with injections was 26.48%. The percentage of drugs prescribed by generic name is 36.2%. The percentage of drugs from the Essential Drug List was 92%. The percentage of fixed-dose combinations of antibiotics prescribed was 14.54%. Hence, in our study, though most of the drugs are given from the Essential List of Medicines, drugs given by a generic name is low. Physicians can be encouraged to prescribe more drugs by generic name. To conclude, antibiotic stewardship interventions have to be implemented to promote the judicious use of antibiotics to prevent adverse consequences.
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