Antibiofilm activity of green synthesized silver nanoparticles against biofilm associated enterococcal urinary pathogens

Nada S Swidan,Yomna A Hashem,Walid F Elkhatib,Mahmoud A Yassien

doi:10.1038/s41598-022-07831-y

Nada S Swidan, Yomna A Hashem + Show 2 more

Open Access

https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-022-07831-y

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Abstract

Biofilm-formed enterococcal urinary tract clinical isolates (n = 92) were used for studying the antibiofilm activity of cinnamon, ginger, and chemical AgNPs. The average particle sizes of cinnamon, ginger, and chemical AgNPs were 8.7, 41.98, and 55.7 nm, respectively. The results of Fourier transform infrared analysis revealed that phytocompounds, such as cinnamaldehyde and gingerol, were the main compounds incorporated in the synthesis of cinnamon and ginger AgNPs, respectively. The purity and crystalline nature of the AgNPs have been confirmed by energy dispersive X-ray and X-ray Diffraction analysis. The results of antimicrobial activity showed that MIC of ginger, cinnamon, and chemical AgNPs were 37.64, 725.7, and 61.08 μg/ml, respectively. On studying the antibiofilm activity of AgNPs at sub-MIC values (1/2, 1/4, and 1/8 MIC), the results revealed that it was concentration dependent. Therefore, further studies were carried out to evaluate the antibiofilm activity of AgNPs at a concentration of 18 μg/ml. The results showed that ginger and chemical AgNPs reduced the formed biofilm to 39.14% and 65.32% and the number of adherent cells on the urinary catheter surface to 42.73% and 69.84%, respectively, as compared to that of the control, while cinnamon AgNPs showed no significant activity. Accordingly, ginger AgNPs had the most potent antibacterial and antiadherent activity against biofilm-associated enterococcal isolates.

Highlights

IntroductionThe results of antimicrobial activity showed that Minimum inhibitory concentrations (MIC) of ginger, cinnamon, and chemical AgNPs were 37.64, 725.7, and 61.08 μg/ml, respectively
Biofilm-formed enterococcal urinary tract clinical isolates (n = 92) were used for studying the antibiofilm activity of cinnamon, ginger, and chemical AgNPs
The results of genetic identification using polymerase chain reaction (PCR) showed that 89% of the isolates (n = 82) were E. faecalis, and 11% of the isolates (n = 10) were E. faecium

Summary

Introduction

The results of antimicrobial activity showed that MIC of ginger, cinnamon, and chemical AgNPs were 37.64, 725.7, and 61.08 μg/ml, respectively. The results showed that ginger and chemical AgNPs reduced the formed biofilm to 39.14% and 65.32% and the number of adherent cells on the urinary catheter surface to 42.73% and 69.84%, respectively, as compared to that of the control, while cinnamon AgNPs showed no significant activity. Enterococci are Gram-positive commensals of the gastrointestinal tract and female genital organs; they are considered opportunistic pathogens causing several infections[8]. Due to antibiotic resistance of biofilms, non-conventional approaches like nanoparticles were developed to combat biofilm[8] Metal nanoparticles such as AgNPs are widely used due to their antimicrobial and antibiofilm activities. AgNPs produce reactive oxygen species that interact with cellular contents as DNA, lipids, and proteins, causing malfunction in the bacteria and its death[9]

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