Antibacterial Power of Lemon Essential Oil, Ginger And Their Synergy With Neem Vegetable Oil On Mastitis Pathogenic Germs Dairy Cows From The Poro Region In Ivory Coast

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Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry analysis of essential oils of (Citrus limon, Zingiber officinalis and Azadirachta indica vegetable oil), purchased, identified 32.80%, 42.40% and 47.10% of its constituents. This study consisted of evaluating the antimicrobial performance of some EOs obtained from three medicinal plants, considered to have a great bacterial effect. This is in order to standardize their use to apply them as an alternative remedy to antibiotics in the face of the advance of resistant bacteria and the failure of antibiotic therapy. The essential oils of these plants were tested alone or in combination on nine pathogenic microbial strains from cows suffering from mastitis and resistant to certain antibiotics, namely: four Gram (-) bacterial strains (Pseudomonas aeruginosa, E. coli ATCC25922, E. coli, Klebsiella spp) ; five Gram (+) bacterial strains (Staphylococcus aureus, Micrococcus spp, S. aureus ATCC19213, SCN (S. lentus and S. xylosus)); and E. coli ATCC25922, S. aureus ATCC19213 as reference strains. Reasonable antimicrobial activities of the studied EOs were observed on some of the germs tested. All the strains tested are sensitive to concentrations less than or equal to 100μg.ml -1 of essential oil. Enterobacteria (Escherichia coli, Klebsiella spp) are resistant to standard antibiotics with the exception of Colistin, which have been shown to be sensitive to all essential oils studied. This observation applies to Gram-positive cocci (Staphylococcus aureus, Micrococcus spp, Staphylococcus lentus and Staphylococcus sylosus) which are very sensitive to the oils studied but resistant to three types of standard antibiotics (Ampicillin, Colistin and Penicillin). The CMB/MIC ratios of Zingiber officinalis and Citrus limon oils have a bacteriostatic action while that of the combination of EO (Zingiber officinalis, Citrus limon and Azadirachta indica oil ) are bactericidal on all bacterial strains tested. There was no significant difference between the MIC and MBC values of the essential oil resistant strains. As a result of the study, an idea could be proposed for the development and upgrading of a new generation of combination of natural antimicrobial agents that can be used in humans and animals against infections with commonly used antibiotics.