Antibacterial potential of plant extracts on ESBL and carbapenemase producing pathogens

Patade Swamini Vasant Patade Swamini Vasant,Amin Hussain Murtuza Amin Hussain Murtuza,Mundra Pooja Suresh Mundra Pooja Suresh,Mukherjee Debarshi Mukherjee Debarshi,Pandey Ankita Shivshankar Pandey Ankita Shivshankar,Philip Vivian Victor Philip Vivian Victor,Nair Swathi Sajith Nair Swathi Sajith,Khan Afzal Naushad Khan Afzal Naushad,K Aruna K Aruna,George Jerry George Jerry

doi:10.30574/gscbps.2020.10.3.0073

Patade Swamini Vasant Patade Swamini Vasant, Amin Hussain Murtuza Amin Hussain Murtuza + Show 8 more

Open Access

https://doi.org/10.30574/gscbps.2020.10.3.0073

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Abstract

The extensive spread of antibiotic resistance among pathogens is critically challenging the healthcare system with treatment options. Often, the physicians are left with no choice but to use high doses of antibiotics to combat infectious diseases in spite of the associated toxicity. In an attempt to investigate plant sources as an alternative source of drugs, the current study evaluated the antibacterial activity of extracts obtained from six commonly available plants against 16 pathogens isolated from skin, respiratory and urinary tract. Among these, 14 multi drug resistant pathogens and 7 ESBL producers were identified. Also, 4 isolates showed both ESBL and carbapenemase production whereas 2 S. aureus isolates showed ESBL production and resistance to Streptogramins. The plants used in our study included garlic, cinnamon, Indian borage, clove, green tea and onion. The qualitative analysis of antibacterial activity was carried out by well diffusion method for water and methanol extracts of these plants. The results indicated garlic and Indian borage water extracts to be active against both gram negative and gram positive test pathogens. The observed zones of inhibition were in the range of 11-27 mm (Indian borage) and 9-21 mm (garlic) against the test pathogens. However, no synergy was observed when these extracts were combined.

Highlights

The successful identification of novel antibiotics and, its increased production and administration, in the last three decades has simultaneously eventuated the emergence of antibiotic resistant pathogens [1]
Given the widespread cases of antibiotic resistance globally, most of the isolates collected in our study were candidly expected to be Multiple Drug Resistant (MDR)
The increasing antibiotic resistance among pathogens towards commonly used antibiotics is increasingly creating a challenge for medical practitioners as well as patients

Summary

Introduction

The successful identification of novel antibiotics and, its increased production and administration, in the last three decades has simultaneously eventuated the emergence of antibiotic resistant pathogens [1]. Among the resistance observed towards several classes of antibiotics, the pathogens showing resistance to β-lactam group of antibiotics are frightening. This is because, the β-lactams are broad spectrum antibiotics widely used for treatment of commonly occurring infectious diseases [3]. The ESBLs generally confers resistance to cephalosporins e.g. cefuroxime, cefotaxime and ceftazidime, while the carbapenemases characteristically hydrolyze carbapenem antibiotics like imipenem, ertapenem and meropenem. They show a high degree of resistance to most β-lactams and other groups of antibiotics [5, 6, 7]

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Conclusion