Abstract
Objective This study was aimed to evaluate the antibacterial activity of the latex of three species members of Jatropha (J. curcas, J. gossypilofia Linn., and J. multifida) against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA), extended-spectrum beta-lactamase- (ESBL-) producing Escherichia coli and ESBL-producing Klebsiella pneumonia, carbapenemase-resistant Enterobacteriaceae (CRE)-E. coli, K. pneumoniae-carbapenemase (KPC), and carbapenemase-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa (CRPA). Method The antibacterial activities were calculated based on the inhibition zones using the Mueller–Hinton agar diffusion method, minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) using Mueller–Hinton broth in a microdilution method, and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) using blood agar plate. Results The latex of Jatropha showed antibacterial activities against the MRSA and CRPA. All latex of Jatropha appeared to have the antibacterial activities against MRSA and CRPA in the diffusion method (20.4–23.7 mm and 12–15 mm), MIC (0.19–6.25%, and 25%), and MBC (0.39–12.5% and 50%). Phytochemical screening of latex indicated the presence of flavonoids. Conclusions The latex of J. curcas, J. gossypilofia Linn., and J. multifida has the potential to be developed as antibacterial agents, especially against MRSA and CRPA strain, but further in vivo research and discovery of the mode of its action are required to shed the light on the effects.
Highlights
Bacterial resistance to antibiotics has become a serious problem in the world, including in Indonesia. is is a factor in the high mortality rate and continues to increase every year [1]
Our study aimed to investigate the antibacterial activities of Jatropha latex against MDR bacteria
We used three species of Jatropha plants to measure the antibacterial activities against MDR bacteria such as methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA), extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL)-producing Escherichia coli, ESBL-producing Klebsiella pneumonia, carbapenemase-resistant Enterobacteriaceae (CRE)-E. coli, K. pneumoniae-carbapenemase (KPC), and carbapenemase-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa (CRPA). ree types of latex used in this study were Jatropha curcas, Jatropha gossypilofia Linn., and Jatropha multifida
Summary
Bacterial resistance to antibiotics has become a serious problem in the world, including in Indonesia. is is a factor in the high mortality rate and continues to increase every year [1]. E emergence of multidrugresistant (MDR) bacteria causes treatment ineffectiveness [3]. Is has a devastating effect on patients suffering from MDR bacterial infections, increasing the treatment costs, which become increasingly high and difficult to afford and causing prolonged illness and even death [4]. One alternative to overcome these problems is to use natural ingredients such as materials from fungi [5] and plants [6], one of which is Jatropha. Our study aimed to investigate the antibacterial activities of Jatropha latex against MDR bacteria. We used three species of Jatropha plants to measure the antibacterial activities against MDR bacteria such as methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA), extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL)-producing Escherichia coli, ESBL-producing Klebsiella pneumonia, carbapenemase-resistant Enterobacteriaceae (CRE)-E. coli, K. pneumoniae-carbapenemase (KPC), and carbapenemase-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa (CRPA). We used three species of Jatropha plants to measure the antibacterial activities against MDR bacteria such as methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA), extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL)-producing Escherichia coli, ESBL-producing Klebsiella pneumonia, carbapenemase-resistant Enterobacteriaceae (CRE)-E. coli, K. pneumoniae-carbapenemase (KPC), and carbapenemase-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa (CRPA). ree types of latex used in this study were Jatropha curcas, Jatropha gossypilofia Linn., and Jatropha multifida
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