Abstract
Sanguinarine (SA), with antimicrobial and antiparasitic activities against fish pathogens, exhibits great potential commercial use in aquaculture. However, little information on pharmacokinetics of SA restricts further application in aquaculture. In this study, pharmacokinetics of SA in common carp (Cyprinus carpio) following a single intraperitoneal administration [10mgkg(-1) BW (body weight)] was evaluated by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). The peak concentration (Cmax ) of SA in kidney was 11.8μgg(-1) , which was higher than in other tissues and plasma. The terminal half-life in fish tissue and plasma was as follows: 42.3h (kidney)>37.2h (liver)>20.1h (gill)>18.8h (muscle)>10.9h (spleen)>10.0h (plasma). Additionally, we determined the bacterial loads in tissues of common carp infected with Aeromonas hydrophila after i.p. administration of SA at 0, 5, 10 and 20mgkg(-1) BW. The results showed that i.p. administration of SA at 10mgkg(-1) BW significantly enhanced antibacterial efficacy against A.hydrophila, where the antibacterial ratio in the gill, kidney, spleen and liver on day 5 was 95.13%, 93.33%, 90.09% and92.82%, respectively. Overall, these results suggested the potential of SA to treat A.hydrophila infection in common carp farming industry.
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