Abstract
The treatment of successive skin wounds necessitates meticulous medical procedures. In the care and treatment of skin wounds, hydrogels produced from natural polymers with controlled drug release play a crucial role. Arabinoxylan is a well-known and widely available biological macromolecule. We produced various formulations of blended composite hydrogels (BCHs) from arabinoxylan (ARX), carrageenan (CG), and reduced graphene oxide (rGO) using and cross-linked them with an optimal amount of tetraethyl orthosilicate (TEOS). The structural, morphological, and mechanical behavior of the BCHs samples were determined using Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), Scanning electron microscope (SEM), mechanical testing, and wetting, respectively. The swelling and degradation assays were performed in phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) solution and aqueous media. Maximum swelling was observed at pH 7 and the least swelling in basic pH regions. All composite hydrogels were found to be hemocompatible. In vitro, silver sulfadiazine release profile in PBS solution was analyzed via the Franz diffusion method, and maximum drug release (87.9%) was observed in 48 h. The drug release kinetics was studied against different mathematical models (zero-order, first-order, Higuchi, Hixson–Crowell, Korsmeyer–Peppas, and Baker–Lonsdale models) and compared their regression coefficient (R2) values. It was observed that drug release follows the Baker–Lonsdale model, as it has the highest value (0.989) of R2. Hence, the obtained results indicated that, due to optimized swelling, wetting, and degradation, the blended composite hydrogel BCH-3 could be an essential wound dressing biomaterial for sustained drug release for skin wound care and treatment.
Highlights
Skin is the largest human organ that is 10% of body mass
Fourier Transform Infrared (FT-IR) spectral profile of blended composite hydrogels is shown in Figure 2 to investigate the behavior of functional groups of all elements and their reaction possibilities
The adsorption peaks at 1061 and 768 cm−1 were due to asymmetric vibration of Si–O–Si; peaks at 925 and 1630 cm−1 were attributed to Si–OH, and peak at 1267 cm−1 was due to Si–C
Summary
Skin is the largest human organ that is 10% of body mass. It protects our body from bacterial, viral infections, and from environmental factors. It controls physiological protective mechanisms, sensing, temperature regulation, fluid maintenance, and the immune system. Skin injuries are one of the most prevalent medical problems in the history of humanity [1,2]. The development of new dressing materials was an essential concern in modern medical technology. Hydrogels with high moisture and bioactivity are considered promising candidates for potential impact among these modern dressing materials formulated [3]. The antibacterial properties of conventional dressing are enriched with capsulated antibiotics into a polymeric network of hydrogels [5]
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