Abstract
Objective: To evaluate the antibacterial and antifungal activity of three different medicinal plants invitro. Oil extracts of the plants from three different families (Hedyotis corymbosa, Inula racemose, Holostemma adakodien) are used to find the antibacterial and antifungal activity.
 Methods: Study of anti-microbial activity using agar cup diffusion method, inoculums preparation, Anti-bacterial activity screening (well diffusion method), Anti-fungal activity screening (well diffusion method) are the different methods which are used to find the anti-bacterial and anti-fungal activities of the oil extracts of the above medicinal plants. The activity of these oil extracts and the selected antibiotics are evaluated against four bacterial strains (E. Coli, S. aureus and P. aeruginosa) and three Candida fungal strains (albicans, parapsilosis and tropicalis.). The anti microbial activity of Hedyotis corymbosa, Inula racemose, Holostemma adakodien oil extracts zone of inhibition evaluation was compared with positive control of fungal strain Fluconozole and bacterial strain Norfloxacin, Cefepime and Gatifloxacin.
 Results: The anti microbial activity of Hedyotis corymbosa, Inula racemose, Holostemma adakodien oil extracts zone of inhibition evaluation was compared with positive control of fungal strain Fluconozole and bacterial strain Norfloxacin, Cefepime and Gatifloxacin. Further studies are needed to explore the novel antibacterial bioactive molecules.
 Conclusion: The plants Hedyotis corymbosa, Inula racemose and Holostemma adakodien have shown significant anti-bacterial and anti-fungal activity.
Highlights
The development of new synthetic anti-microbial drugs was slow down due to the increase in prevalence of multiple drug resistance
The essential oils of Hedyotis corymbosa and Inula racemose has shown a good anti-bacterial activity though less as follows: The essential oil of Inula racemose showed a zone of inhibition to about 19.7±1.4 mm for Escherichia coli, 19.3±1.9 mm from staphylococcus aureus, 17.2±1.2 mm for streptococuccus pneumonia; for Pseudomonas aureginosa 17.7±1.5 mm
The essential oil of Hedyotis corymbosa showed a zone of inhibition to about 19.3±1.1 mm for Escherichia coli for Staphylococcus aureus 18.1±1.5 mm for Pseudomonas aureginosa as 19.2±1.3 mm and for Streptococcus pneumonia as 17.7±1.7 mm
Summary
The development of new synthetic anti-microbial drugs was slow down due to the increase in prevalence of multiple drug resistance. This necessitated the research of new alternative anti-microbial sources. Medicinal plants represent a rich source of anti-microbial agents and posses varied medicinal properties. Traditional medicinal practice is an important part of the primary health care system in most of the developed as well as developing countries. According to a report stated by World Health Organization that approximately 3.5 billion people in the developing countries depends on the plants for their primary health care. Many rural and some urban people belonging to the interior parts of India still depends on the herbs for their medicinal practice [1]
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