Abstract
BackgroundThe emergence of multidrug-resistant bacteria is a world health problem. Staphylococcus aureus, including methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA) strains, is one of the most important human pathogens associated with hospital and community-acquired infections. The aim of this work was to evaluate the antibacterial activity of a Pseudomonas aeruginosa-derived compound against MRSA strains.MethodsThirty clinical MRSA strains were isolated, and three standard MRSA strains were evaluated. The extracellular compounds were purified by vacuum liquid chromatography. Evaluation of antibacterial activity was performed by agar diffusion technique, determination of the minimal inhibitory concentration, curve of growth and viability and scanning electron microscopy. Interaction of an extracellular compound with silver nanoparticle was studied to evaluate antibacterial effect.ResultsThe F3 (ethyl acetate) and F3d (dichloromethane- ethyl acetate) fractions demonstrated antibacterial activity against the MRSA strains. Phenazine-1-carboxamide was identified and purified from the F3d fraction and demonstrated slight antibacterial activity against MRSA, and synergic effect when combined with silver nanoparticles produced by Fusarium oxysporum. Organohalogen compound was purified from this fraction showing high antibacterial effect. Using scanning electron microscopy, we show that the F3d fraction caused morphological changes to the cell wall of the MRSA strains.ConclusionsThese results suggest that P. aeruginosa-produced compounds such as phenazines have inhibitory effects against MRSA and may be a good alternative treatment to control infections caused by MRSA.
Highlights
The emergence of multidrug-resistant bacteria is a world health problem [1,2]
Vancomycin has been used as the drug of choice to treat methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA) infections and was recommended by clinical guidelines; the emergence of the vancomycin-resistant S. aureus (VRSA) and vancomycin-intermediate S. aureus (VISA) has made antibacterial therapy difficult
Diffusion disc-mediated antibiotic treatments against MRSA strains As an initial screen to evaluate the antimicrobial activity again MRSA, we measured the diameters of the zone of inhibition generated by the F3 fraction against the MRSA standard and clinical isolates (Table 1)
Summary
Staphylococcus aureus is one of the most important human pathogens associated with hospital and community-acquired infections. The expense incurred to control MRSA may be considerable; several economic evaluations have indicated that MRSA control programs are cost-effective in terms of reducing the costs of MRSA infections. Another study calculated that the total cost per case of bacteremia that was caused by an antibiotic-resistant strain, including MRSA (50% of the cases), was US$ 88,445 [11]. The health risks associated with MRSA infections, including its potential to produce invasive infections, in vulnerable patients, and its resistance to multiple antibiotics, warrant the implementation of monitoring programs to control its dissemination. Staphylococcus aureus, including methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA) strains, is one of the most important human pathogens associated with hospital and community-acquired infections. The aim of this work was to evaluate the antibacterial activity of a Pseudomonas aeruginosa-derived compound against MRSA strains
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