Antiangiogenic Activity of Pineapple (Ananas comosus) Stem Extract on Chicken Embryo’s Chorioallantois Membrane (CAM)

Abstract

Inhibition of angiogenesis is able to suppress cancer growth by starving the cancer cells. It has been reported that the growth of human tongue squamous cell carcinoma can be inhibited by administering pineapple’s (Ananas comosus) extract. However, antiangiogenic activity of this extract has not been studied yet. This study aimed to investigate antiangiogenic activity of pineapple’s stem extract on chorioallantoic membrane (CAM) of chicken embryo. Pineapple stems were extracted by ultrasonic-assisted method using ethanol 96%. The chemical compositions were determined by thin layer chromatography (TLC) and the protein concentration was analysed by the biuret method. In-ovo antiangiogenics assay was performed on CAM induced by basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF). The extract at concentrations of 0.6%, 0.9% and 1.2% were administered on days 9-14 of egg incubation. We counted the number of CAM vasculatures using a stereomicroscope and examined the embryonic blood smears-stained May-Grunwald to investigate the extract-induced inflammation. Pineapple extract contained saponin by TLC and 1.93 mg/ml protein by the biuret test. The vasculatures were significantly reduced by all concentrations of the extract. At a concentration of 1.2%, the extract did not induce notable inflammation in chicken embryos. In conclusion, pineapple stems extract shows antiangiogenics activity on CAM.