Anti-SARS-Cov-2 IgG Antibody Response in COVID- 19 Ischemic Heart Disease Patients

Abstract

Background: Coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19), a contagious disease caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome-coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2), has reached pandemic status, overwhelmed health care systems, strangled the global economy, and led to a devastating loss of life. The presence of cardiovascular comorbidities in COVID-19 patients acts as risk factor for disease severity and is associated with higher rates of cardiac injury, cardiac attack, intensive care unit admission and high mortality. Without pre-existing cardiovascular comorbidities, COVID-19 itself can cause serious heart damage. Serum Anti-SARS-CoV-2 IgG estimation is an important tool for monitoring of COVID-19 patients. Objectives: To assess post COVID-19 Anti-SARS-CoV-2 IgG antibody response in Ischemic heart disease patients. Method: This cross-sectional analytical study was conducted in the Department of Biochemistry, Dhaka Medical College, Dhaka during the period of January 2021 to December 2021. For this study, a total number of 70 diagnosed COVID-19 patients with or without IHD, were selected according to inclusion and exclusion criteria from Cardiology Department (OPD and Indoor) and Post COVID-19 Follow-up Clinic of Dhaka Medical College Hospital, Dhaka. Among 70 subjects, 35 were post COVID-19 with IHD patients (Cases in group-A) and 35 were post COVID-19 without IHD patients (Comparison group in Group-B). By using safety measures, informed written consent was taken from each patient and venous blood sample was collected for estimation of serum Anti-SARS-CoV-2 IgG level. The results were compared statistically between two groups and the significance was defined as p<0.05. Results: Mean ± SD years of age of the subjects in group-A and Group-B were 57.62 ± 11.32 years and 54.14 ± 11.29 years respectively. Majority of patients were in >60 year’s age group followed by 51-60 years. The serum Anti-SARS-CoV-2 IgG level was significantly higher in group-A than Group-B (Median [IQR]: 10786.5 ......