Abstract
Abstract In this work, the effect of the intake of a low-fat diet supplemented with a fruit puree (guava-strawberry, guava-blackberry, guava-soursop or guava-passion fruit) by obese rats on reduction of body weight, lipid profile, and liver enzyme activity was evaluated. The rats (n=6 for each treatment) were induced to obesity with a high-fat diet for 4 weeks, then they were fed with a low-fat diet plus a fruit puree for 4 weeks. Healthy rats and obese rats fed with standard diet as controls were considered. The additional consumption of fruit purees was associated with a reduction in body weight (16-24%), a control in the metabolism of plasma lipids decreasing the levels of total cholesterol (59-68%) and triacylglycerols (61-82%). We found a significant reduction in inflammation markers and liver damage; enzyme activity (alanine aminotransaminase, aspartate aminotransferase, γ-glutamyl transferase and alkaline phosphatase) decreased, and a notable improvement in liver morphology was observed. The consumption of fruit purees by obese individuals could contribute to the control of and improvement in the complications of obesity caused by alterations in lipoproteins.
Highlights
In the last 4 years in Mexico, the number of overweight (75.2%) and obese (36.3%) individuals, both adults and young people, has increased according to the results of the National Health and Nutrition Survey-Mexico (Encuesta Nacional de Salud y Nutrición, 2016)
We investigated the effect of intake of fruit purees on biochemical markers in hypercholesterolemic rats and we demonstrated that all purees decreased total cholesterol and triacylglycerols in hypercholesterolemic rats (Pérez-Beltrán et al, 2017)
Anti-obesity effects of fruit purees in obese rats (HF‐standard rodent diet (StD)), which was prepared using StD (50%) and it was fried for 20 min with commercial pork lard (50%), this diet only was used for obesity induction
Summary
In the last 4 years in Mexico, the number of overweight (75.2%) and obese (36.3%) individuals, both adults and young people, has increased according to the results of the National Health and Nutrition Survey-Mexico (Encuesta Nacional de Salud y Nutrición, 2016). Insulin resistance results in the inhibition of hepatic gluconeogenesis and absorption of glucose by muscle and adipose tissue, initiating the systemic inflammatory process, which causes changes in metabolites circulating in the serum and the development of hepatic steatosis (Ding et al, 2016). This is a result of an increasing concentration of intracellular enzymes such as aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransaminase (ALT), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), γ-glutamyltransferase (GGT), among others (Wang, 2015). Aim of this work was to evaluate the effects of the intake of fruit purees on liver biomarkers to evaluate hepatoprotective activity and reduction in body weight in obese rats
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