Abstract
This study aimed to evaluate the effect of diabetes on fertility on diabetic women especially. Sixty adult female patients aged (18 40) years are divided equally into three groups; G1; control healthy group, G2; type one diabetic women, G3; non fertile women. Blood samples of all individuals were analyzed for measurement of glucose, estradiol, progestrone, anti-mullerian hormone (AMH), Follicle stimulating hormone (FSH), Luteinizing hormone (LH), superoxide dismutase (SOD) and nitric oxide (NO), serum insulin and glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) showed a significant increase in diabetic fertile group. Also plasma level of FSH, LH and SOD activity were significantly lowered in diabetic infertile group than healthy group and diabetic fertile group. NO was higher in diabetic fertile group. In AMH mRNA expression in ovarian tissues, 40 adult female Sprague-Dawley rats were divided equally into four groups; G1; normal rats, G2; diabetic 30 days group rat, G3; diabetic 45 days group rat, G4; diabetic 60 days group rat. the expression of AMH in ovaries was significantly increased in diabetic rats at day 30 compared to healthy rats and significantly decreased at days 45 and 60 compared to healthy rats. In conclusion, diabetes mellitus can affect the health status and fertility markers in females that was also observed in expression of AMH in ovarian tissues in rats
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