Abstract
Gekko swinhonis Guenther has been used as an anti-cancer drug in traditional Chinese medicine for hundreds of years. Previous studies showed that the Gekko sulfated polysaccharide-protein complex suppressed the proliferation and migration of hepatoma cells. Gekko sulfated glycopeptide α was obtained from Gekko sulfated polysaccharide-protein complex using papain hydrolysis. Gekko sulfated glycopeptide α inhibited the proliferation and migration of SMMC-7721 cells. The secretion of IL-8 and the concentration of intracellular calcium were decreased after Gekko sulfated glycopeptide α exposure. SMMC-7721 cells in the control group showed abnormal features, with a polygonal shape, whereas this changed to a spindle shape after the treatment with Gekko sulfated glycopeptide α. Actin filaments were distributed diffusely along the cell membrane in control cells, whereas those were polymerized and preferentially accumulated in the cytoplasm of treated cells. Microtubules distributed in the cytoplasm of untreated cells were located diffusely whereas those in treated cells were polymerized. Therefore, Gekko sulfated glycopeptide α inhibit the migration of hepatoma cells via reducing the secretion of IL-8 and the concentration of intracellular calcium, as well as regulating the reorganization of cytoskeleton.
Highlights
A malignant tumor is a disease in which many characteristics of normal cell biological behavior are lost or destroyed
In the high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) profiles, Gekko sulfated polysaccharide-protein complex (GSPP) showed a peak at 5.88 min, which indicated that the molecular weight (MW) of GSPP α was smaller than that of GSPP after the digestion with papain [7]
The MW of GSPP α was estimated to be over 2,000 kDa as judged from the calibration curve prepared from standard dextrans
Summary
A malignant tumor is a disease in which many characteristics of normal cell biological behavior are lost or destroyed. Recent research has shown that sulfated polysaccharides and/or glycoproteins could inhibit the proliferation and metastasis of tumor cells [2,3,4,5]. The whole body of Gekko swinhonis Guenther, commonly known as Gecko, has been used as an anti-cancer drug in traditional Chinese medicine for hundreds of years. The trypan blue exclusion assay showed that GSPP at 200 μg/mL and 100 μg/mL can inhibit the proliferation of SMMC-7721 cells [7,8]. Sulfated polysaccharides can show improved anti-tumor activity [9], we obtained a new sulfated glycopeptide named GSPP α using papain hydrolysis, which had lower molecular weight (MW) and more sulfate content than GSPP. This research focuses on whether GSPP α has better anti-cancer activity than GSPP after the structural modification and its underlying mechanism of action
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