Abstract
Abutilon indicum (L.) Sweet is an Asian phytomedicinal plant and it has hypoglycemic and anti-bacterial activities. The nano silver was successfully synthesized from leaf extract using A. indicum (L.) Sweet. Nitrate reductase enzyme or other extra cellular proteins released from leaf extract involve in reduction of nitrate and formation of silver ions occurs. These proteins or enzymes act as template for the silver nucleation sites for the formation of silver nanocrystals and also act as capping agents (peptides or proteins) which control the size and shape of silver nanoparticles. FT-IR reveals that protein molecules can be bound to silver nanoparticles and XRD result confirmed crystal structure of nanoparticles. On the basis of our results, extract of A. indicum (L.) Sweet leaf protein molecules plays a vital role in reducing and capping of silver nanoparticles at 50 μl concentrations which act as anti-bacterial agent to control pathogenic microorganisms of Klebsiella pneumonia, Salmonella typhi, Bacillus subtilis, and Proteus vulgaris.
Highlights
The plant-mediated synthesis is a rapid, flexible and suitable process for large-scale production of nanoparticles
We report the synthesis of silver nanoparticles reducing the silver ions present in the solution of silver nitrate by the cell-free aqueous leaf extract of Abutilon indicum (L.) Sweet and their role as high antimicrobial activity
It can be assumed that leaf protein acts as a template for the synthesis of silver nanoparticles and as well as stabilizing of nanoparticles
Summary
The plant-mediated synthesis is a rapid, flexible and suitable process for large-scale production of nanoparticles. Plant parts like seed [1], leaf [2, 3], bark [4], stem [3, 5] and fruit [6] extracts have been effectively used for synthesis of nanoparticles. A number of approaches are available for the synthesis of silver nanoparticles for example, reduction in solutions, chemical and photochemical reactions in reverse micelles, thermal decomposition of silver compounds, radiation assisted, electro chemical, sono-chemical, microwave-assisted process, and recently via green chemistry route. Silver nanoparticles were synthesized using dried areca nut (Areca catechu). The microwave exposed aqueous areca nut powder when treated with the aqueous silver salt solution yielded irregular shaped silver nanoparticles. The understanding of capping of biological moiety is derived from Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and the thermo gravimetric analysis [14]
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