Anthropometric, Biochemical, and Food Consumption Parameters are Associated with Venous Leg Ulcer Area and Duration.

Abstract

To describe the dietary habits and anthropometric and biochemical parameters of patients with active venous leg ulcers and to verify the association of these variables with wound duration and area. A cross-sectional study conducted with 33 participants diagnosed with venous leg ulcers in outpatient care. Socioeconomic data, anthropometric parameters, biochemical parameters, food consumption, and wound characteristics were analyzed by an interprofessional team. Participants were an average of 58 ± 13 years, 57.6% women, 84.8% overweight, and had a median wound duration of 10 months (range, 1-192 months) and an average wound area of 5 cm (range, 0.22-61.1 cm). Diets were typically hypocaloric and hypoproteic, with a low amount of vitamin A and magnesium. Wound duration was negatively associated with polyunsaturated fat intake (P = .032), whereas wound area was significantly associated with lipid intake (P = .002) and C-reactive protein (P = .040). Patients with active venous leg ulcers were overweight (leading to systemic inflammation) and had low consumption of calories, protein, and micronutrients that could support cicatrization. Wound area was associated with a high-fat diet, whereas wound duration was negatively associated with polyunsaturated fat intake.