Abstract
Ginseng root rot is a destructive disease of Panax ginseng that seriously affects the yield and quality of P. ginseng. Based on the broad-spectrum suppression properties of entomopathogenic nematode (EPN) symbiotic bacteria, four symbiotic bacteria were selected: Xenorhabdus bovienii (Xbf), Xenorhabdus nematophila (Xna), Xenorhabdus nematophila Cxrd (Xnc) and Xenorhabdus budapestensis (Xbc). Meanwhile, six beneficial Bacillus strains (Bacillus velezensis S1A; Bacillus amyloliquefaciens H4C; Bacillus subtilis N5D; and Bacillus albus HYS, K8, and N2A) were tested. Their individual and combined effects (both in vitro and in P. ginseng slices) on fungi pathogenic to P. ginseng, Fusarium solani, Fusarium proliferatum and Fusarium oxysporum were evaluated. Xenorhabdus budapestensis had the highest suppression effects (up to 82%) on F. solani and F. oxysporum, and a 60% inhibition rate on F. proliferatum, significantly higher than Xnc, Xbf and Xna. Bacillus velezensis and B. subtilis had the strongest suppression rates on F. solani (40%). The combined effects of Xbc and B. subtilis K8 on F. solani and F. oxysporum were stronger than their individual effects. The P. ginseng slice experiment further confirmed the enhanced inhibition of Fusarium by mixing Xbc with B. subtilis K8. In conclusion, we used EPN symbiotic bacteria to suppress P. ginseng root rot and screened two EPN symbiotic bacteria that were highly effective against Fusarium spp. The combination of Bacillus strains with EPN symbiotic bacteria enhanced the suppression effect. Our results provide new biological materials and directions for biological control of P. ginseng root rot.
Published Version
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