Abstract

Sudden changes in VLF propagation characteristics, presumably due to increased D-layer ionization, have been observed to occur along VLF paths whose nearest points lie thousands of kilometers away from a high-altitude nuclear burst. It is proposed that this ionization may be caused by neutrons that have been transported by multiple scatterings around the earth and well into the shadow zone where they deposit part of their kinetic energy through collisions with nitrogen nuclei. Numerical results are presented which, though based on a highly simplified model problem, encourage further detailed calculations. The possibility of observationally distinguishing between the transport mechanism and the neutron decay mechanism is also discussed.

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