Abstract
BackgroundEvaluation of the action of various traditional plants to treat metabolic syndrome are strongly studied. In our study, we investigated the effect of the Tunisian jojoba seed on a metabolic syndrome induced in rat by the High Fat diet and High Fructose (HFHF) and its renal and hepatic complications.MethodsThe rats were fed with HFHF or Normal Diet (ND) for a period of 8 weeks. After that, a switch from HFHF to ND or Normal Diet Jojoba (NDJ),(jojoba diet approach) or High Fat and High Fructose and Jojoba diet (HFHFJ) (nutraceutical approach) has been done. Metabolic disorder was evaluated by measuring the fasting body weight, glycemia and C-peptide and leptin. Oxidative stress parameters like ThioBarbituric Acid Reactive Substances (TBARS) and Total Antioxidant Capacity (TAOC) were analyzed in the plasma and renal and hepatic function were determined by the measure of creatinine and alanine transferase (ALT) respectively. Histological analysis was performed on the liver, kidney and pancreas.ResultsHFHF diet exhibited characteristics of metabolic syndrome presented by insulin resistance, hyperinsulinemia, hyperleptinemia, fat mass with hepatic steatosis and renal disorder. HFHF diet was associated with oxidative stress (OS) presented by an increase in TBARS and a decrease in TAOC. Adding jojoba seeds to HFHF rat group diet induced a decrease in body weight, fat mass (58 and 41%), insulin resistance (59 and 56%), oxidative stress (60 and 41%), liver steatosis (from a score = 3 to a score = 0) and renal complications (25 and 42%). This effect was emphasized with diet approach.ConclusionThe results demonstrated the beneficial effect of jojoba against metabolic syndrome and oxidative stress, suggesting that jojoba could be used in the prevention and treatment of metabolic syndrome.Graphical abstract
Highlights
Evaluation of the action of various traditional plants to treat metabolic syndrome are strongly studied
The switch from High Fat diet and High Fructose (HFHF) diet to Normal Diet (ND) or Normal Diet Jojoba (NDJ) maintained a fasting glycaemia comparable to ND alone (1.06 g/L ± 0.08 and 1.16 g/L ± 0.03 respectively) but no statistical difference was observed with HFHF
Addition of the jojoba to HFHF diet induced a significant decreased of glycemia compared to the HFHF rats (1.00 g/L ± 0.09, p < 0.05)
Summary
Evaluation of the action of various traditional plants to treat metabolic syndrome are strongly studied. We investigated the effect of the Tunisian jojoba seed on a metabolic syndrome induced in rat by the High Fat diet and High Fructose (HFHF) and its renal and hepatic complications. The current context was dominated by over-consumption of food and a sedentary lifestyle. These allow to set up the metabolic syndrome causing terrible consequences on human health [1, 2]. Several studies have documented a strong relationship between hepatic steatosis and IR [5, 6]. The metabolic syndrome causes a benign steatosis of the liver. The metabolic syndrome is responsible for a steatosis associated with inflammation, which is called non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) [7]
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