Abstract
Photonic crystal waveguides (PCWs) are promising candidates for the basic building blocks of quantum information processing because they support circular polarization points that can unbalance the directionality of an integrated quantum emitter (QE). Nevertheless, the Purcell effect at circular polarization points saturates near the band edge, the preferred region for quantum electrodynamics. Consequently, chirality and ultra-strong light–matter interaction are difficult to combine. Here, we detract from the vicinity of the band edge, and couple modes with different parities by breaking the mirror symmetry. Using the three-dimensional finite-difference time-domain method, simulated band structures of the implemented photonic bonding states (PBS) display single-mode anomalous zero-group-velocity (ZGV) points far from the band edge. The electric field patterns of these points feature circular polarization points at high field intensity regions where a QE would acquire uni-directional emission behavior. Fabricated devices in silicon (Si) slabs demonstrate the predicted coupling energy between the modes and the signature of single-mode anomalous ZGV points. This method to engineer PBS in PCWs paves the way for outperforming chiral light–matter experiments on-chip.
Highlights
There are great expectations that Photonic Crystal Waveguides (PCWs) may serve as the platform of quantum information processing on-chip
We presented in this work guided photonic states in non-symmorphic PCWs that combine confined singlemode ZGV points with circular polarization points which have the potential to demonstrate out-performing uni-directional emission
Instead of the general method to work in the vicinity of the band-edge, the slow-down effect has been forced to exist inside the Brillouin Zone (BZ)
Summary
There are great expectations that PCWs may serve as the platform of quantum information processing on-chip. ]. In addition to the light-matter interaction enhancement, the BG confinement implies that Transverse Electric (TE) guided modes in PCWs possess both transverse and longitudinal electric field components. The phase relation between these components involves local chirality across the PCW unit cell which is characterized by circular polarization points in their field patterns[? ? ], where one side of the waveguides is shifted along the direction of propagation [Fig.??b], break this paradigm and enhance the electric field intensity of circular polarization points. We investigate their local chirality at the anomalous ZGV points through the calculation of the Stokes parameters inside the PCW unit cell. There is a strong interest in the circular polarization resulting from the coupling because the studied even and odd modes have their dominant electric field components perpendicular to each other at the crossing point. This work establishes the foundation for out-performing future QED experiments on-chip combining a divergent photonic local density of states with extended local chirality
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