Anode materials for ESA from complex-alloyed aluminium matrix alloys synthesized from oxide compounds by SHS metallurgy

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The research results of influence of zirconium in anode Al – Ni – Zr alloys on character of elements distribution on section of the coating obtained by electrospark alloying (ESA) at the following modes of processing: tsk = 50, tp = 40 microseconds; tsk = 25, tp = 80 microseconds (hereinafter – mode 50/40 and mode 25/80, respectively) are presented. With the 50/40 mode, a large number of alloying elements and a smaller amount of harmful impurities of iron and manganese are concentrated in the alloyed coatings. Therefore, the reinforcing phases Al2Ni or Al2(Ni,Zr), representing solid solutions of Ni or Ni, Zr in the nickel aluminide AlNi – β’ -phase, crystallize in a large volume in the structure of coatings. With the 25/80 mode, the structure consisting of the β’ -phase and Al3Fe is formed in the coatings using the AlNi electrode and zirconium-containing Al – Ni – Zr. With the 50/40 mode, the structure consisting of a β’ -phase and a triple chemical compound β(Al – S – Fe) of unknown stoichiometric ratio is formed in this layer. Regularities of distribution of elements (Al, Ni, Fe, Si, Zr, Mn) on coatings section depending on the content of zirconium in anode Al – Ni – Zr alloys are established:– the iron and aluminum content in coatings varies according to the extreme scheme depending on the concentration of zirconium in anode alloys with a minimum value of aluminum and a maximum value of iron concentration at 1.05% (wt.) Zr;– the content of silicon and zirconium constantly increases as the zirconium concentration in electrode materials increases to 3.52% (wt.) Zr;– the content of zirconium in electrodes has almost no effect on the concentration of manganese in coatings;– with the processing mode 25/80 the nickel content decreases, and with the processing mode 50/40, on the contrary, increases to 3,52% (wt.) Zr.The 50/40 mode is the most efficient, since at a content of 3.52% (wt.) Zr in the electrode alloy there is a greater number of reinforcing zirconium-containing nickel aluminides.The work was performed with the financial support of the Ministry of Education and Science of the Russian Federation within the framework of GZ No. FEME-2020-0010 “Physico-chemical and technological bases of metallothermic synthesis of metals in ionic melts of alkali metals and complex-alloyed nickel aluminides by SHS-metallurgy”. The research was conducted within the framework of the R&D of the Scholarship of the President of the Russian Federation SP-1904.2019.1 (2019–2021) on the equipment of the CUC “Applied Materials Science” FSBEI HE “TOGU”.