ANNONA SQUAMOSA LEAF EXTRACT INHIBITS THE MIGRATION OF HUMAN CERVICAL CANCER CELLS THROUGH MMP-9 EXPRESSION

Abstract

To determine the effect of giving a combination of Annona squamosa leaf extract and cisplatin on matrix metalloproteinase-9 expression and inhibition of cell migration in HeLa cells. The sample in this study was divided into 6 groups: group 1 as the control group, group 2 as the single cisplatin (Cis) group, group 3-5 as the different combinations with ASL 12.5, 25 mg/mL, and 50 mg/mL respectively, and group 6 as the single ASL 75 mg/mL group. This research included the cytotoxicity test with MTT assay and MMP-9 expression using immunofluorescence method cell migration with scratch wound healing assay. In this study, the expression of MMP-9 decreased significantly in Annona squamosa leaf extract 25 mg/mL + Cis. The cytotoxicity activity of Annona squamosa leaf extract increased significantly in the ASL 12.5+Cis group. The combination of ASL 25+Cis significantly inhibited cell migration. The combination extract was more effective than a single dose of Cis or a single dose of the extract alone (p < 0.05). The novelty of this study can be used for combined cervical cancer therapy. The combination of cisplatin with an extract with the active ingredient acetogenin can induce cytotoxicity and reduce MMP-9 expression in HeLa cells. Acetogenins are also found in bark, seed, and fruit extracts; however, the extract material from the leaves is easier to obtain and process. Keywords: Annona Squamosa , Cervical Cancer, Cell Migration, Matrix Metalloproteinase-9 DOI： https://doi.org/10.35741/issn.0258-2724.58.3.37