Análisis histórico de la formación de competencias profesionales en la carrera de Licenciatura en Enfermería

Abstract

The history of the formation of professional competencies in the Bachelor's Degree in Nursing in Cuba is an exciting area of study. However, it is challenging to summarize in a limited space the historical evolution of this topic. The main objective of this study is to describe the process of formation of professional competencies in the Bachelor's Degree in Nursing. To achieve this objective, we carried out an exhaustive documentary and bibliographic review related to the topic, in addition to conducting interviews with professors prominent in the training of nursing professionals. Throughout the paper, the historical evolution of the formation of professional competencies in the Nursing career is presented. It is concluded that professional training in nursing requires both a theoretical and practical construction of the training process. In addition, it must be sensitive to the demands imposed by current social and economic policies. In this context, the commitment to integrate content related to professional competencies in the Bachelor's Degree in Nursing programs, with a focus on patient safety, is highlighted. The training of nurses is oriented towards the maintenance and recovery of health, the prevention of diseases and the rehabilitation of people with sequelae. These approaches will guide the content developed in the curriculum that prepares students to manage patient safety in acute care. In addition, the authors analyze how this training process is congruently adapted to the care model developed in health services.