Análise longitudinal do tempo de retorno e fatores associados para doação de sangue em primodoadores voluntários

Abstract

Introduction: Different factors related to blood donation can generate situations that affect their return and, when not elucidated and solved, can compromise loyalty to blood centers. Objective: The purpose of this paper was to estimate first-time blood donors return time and associated factors. Method: Cohort studies were designed after consulting State Blood Center’s database in Apucarana, PR, Brazil. Donor medical records were analyzed from January 1, 2005 to June 30, 2009, and their returns were monitored until the year 2011. It was considered as the dependent variable the turnaround time for second donation and its prevalence after the first donation. Anthropometric, clinical and laboratory data were collected, followed by a structured interview. Data were submitted to Kaplan-Meier survival analysis comparing them with the log-rank test. The proportional hazards regression Cox model was used to identify risk factors associated with the return, calculating the proportional risk and interval 95% confidence interval (95%CI). Results: 41.5% returned: 26.1% temporarily were unfit and 50.0% fit. Donors who returned more quickly were Rh negative, under 19 years old and with hypotension. The proportional risk for the main impeditive were older age (RP = 0.190; 95%CI 0.071–0.510), farther distance (RP = 0.276; 95%CI 0.124–0.616), arterial hypotension (RP = 0.540; 95%CI 0.385–0.759), risky behavior (RP = 0.533; 95%CI 0.473–0.601), anemia (RP = 0.402; 95%CI 0.348–0.464) and arterial hypertension (RP = 0.377; 95%CI 0.277–0.513). Conclusions: This study showed a significant decrease in first-time donors who return to the service for other donations and identified that young people and those who were apt were the groups with the highest frequency of return. Knowledge of the causes of temporary inability to donate provides conditions to encourage those temporary unable to donate to return for future donations.