Abstract
Parkinson’s disease (PD) is a chronic and progressive movement disorder and the second most common neurodegenerative disease. Although many studies have been conducted, there is an unmet clinical need to develop new treatments because, currently, only symptomatic therapies are available. To achieve this goal, clarification of the pathology is required. Attempts have been made to emulate human PD and various animal models have been developed over the decades. Neurotoxin models have been commonly used for PD research. Recently, advances in transgenic technology have enabled the development of genetic models that help to identify new approaches in PD research. However, PD animal model trends have not been investigated. Revealing the trends for PD research will be valuable for increasing our understanding of the positive and negative aspects of each model. In this article, we clarified the trends for animal models that were used to research PD in the 2000s, and we discussed each model based on these trends.
Highlights
Parkinson’s disease (PD) is one of the most common neurodegenerative diseases and known as a chronic and progressive disorder [1]
Animal thatincluded were made by injecting any drugs the fact that so many researchers focus on PD, the total number of articles has been increasing (Figure into the animal with gene manipulation were defined as the neurotoxin and genetic model 2)
Various animal species have been used for PD research, and we evaluated the trends in the animal species
Summary
Parkinson’s disease (PD) is one of the most common neurodegenerative diseases and known as a chronic and progressive disorder [1]. Because the cause in most PD cases remains unclear, only symptomatic therapies such as pharmacotherapy, stereotaxic neurosurgery, and physiotherapy are available These treatments reduce motor symptoms and improve the patient’s quality of life [7], clinical needs for new therapies to prevent, stop, or slow disease progression are not fully understood. For the development of such strategies, biomarkers for the diagnosis of early PD were required To meet these needs, research using appropriate animal models was invaluable. Various types of PD animal models have been developed along with the expanding of our Genomic knowledge models have been generated and used for basic research since human genome mutations and advance of scientific techniques, and they are used for various purposes. We clarify the trends for PD animal model in the 2000s and discuss the models based on these trends
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