Animal Experimental Study on Repair of Alveolar Bone Defect with Double-Pipe Biphase Bioceramic Polyetheretherketone Composite

Abstract

Polyetheretherketone (PEEK) has the advantages of good biocompatibility, thus become a widely used bone remodeling material. Bioceramics are also highly effective bone repair materials. However, the repairing effect of biphasic bioceramics combined with polyetheretherketone composites on alveolar bone defects has not been elucidated. SD rats were separated into control group that was established as alveolar bone injury model; PEEK group that the alveolar bone injury model was repaired with polyether ether ketone; and composite group that alveolar bone injury model was repaired with double-tube biphase bioceramic/polyetheretherketone. After 8 weeks of treatment, the bone mineral density (BMD) changes were assessed by X-ray absorptiometry. HE staining was used to analyze the changes of tooth defect. The change of alkaline phosphatase (ALP) content was analyzed. Real-time PCR was performed to measure osteogenic factors Opn and Runx2 expressions. Serum BMP-2 level was analyzed by ELISA. The alveolar ridge height was compared and the alveolar bone repair rate was calculated. In the PEEK group and the composite group, BMD was significantly increased, bone was repaired, Runx2 and Opn mRNA expression was upregulated and ALP activity was enhanced along with elevated BMP-2 secretion, alveolar ridge height and bone repair rate compared to control group (P < 0 05). The composite group exhibited more significant changes compared with PEEK group (P < 0 05). Double-tube biphasic bioceramic/polyetheretherketone composites can repair alveolar bone defects, promote osteogenic differentiation, induce BMP-2 secretion, enhance bone density, and accelerate alveolar bone repair.