Abstract
The conceptual design of a soil-moisture measurement instrument using a rectangular soil sample and an almost collimated 241Am-9Be source was proposed. Unlike previous studies and in a different simulation approach, the soil moisture was determined using the angular distribution of thermal neutrons using MCNPX2.6 Monte Carlo code, where a cylindrical BF3 proportional counter located at different polar angles was responsible for thermal neutron detection. Both Monte Carlo library least-squares method (MCLLS) and artificial neural networks (ANN) were used to calculate the soil moisture based on BF3 count rates with small relative error, about 2% and 10% maximum relative errors, respectively.
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