Anesthetic Effects and Physiological Responses of Clove Oil, Lidocaine-HCl, and Tricaine Methanesulphonate on Seawater Shellfishes in Korea

Abstract

This study aimed to investigate the effects of clove oil, lidocaine-HCl, and tricane methanesulfonate (MS-222) on scallop (Patinopecten yessoensis), ark shell (Scapharca broughtonii), surf clam (Pseudocardium sachalinensis), blue mussel (Mytilus edulis), granular ark (Tegillarca granosa), and shortneked clam (Ruditapes philippinarum), and to compare the anesthetic effect among three anesthetics. Induction times of clove oil, lidocaine-HCl, and MS-222 were significantly affected by concentrations of anesthetics, and decreased drastically as the concentrations of anesthetics increased (P 0.05). At each group, as the concentration of anesthetics increased, the induction time decreased (P 0.05). For each anesthetic, the longer the shell length of six species in this experiment were, the more induction time increased (P 0.05). Plasma cortisol and plasma glucose, which were measured to examine the stress response in seawater shellfishes in this experiment. Cortisol concentrations of clove oil, lidocaine-HCl, and MS-222 on six seawater shellfish were increased until 6 hrs after recovery of anesthesia (RA) and cortisol concentrations of three anesthetics on each shellfish were highest at 6 hrs after RA. At 6 hrs after RA, cortisol concentrations of MS-222 on each shellfish were higher than those of clove oil and lidocaine-HCl. Especially, cortisol concentration of granular ark at 6 hrs after RA was higher than that of the other shellfishes. At 6 hrs after RA, cortisol concentrations of three anesthetics were decreased until 48 hrs. Glucose concentrations of clove oil, lidocaine-HCl, and MS-222 on six seawater shellfish were increased until 12 hrs after RA and glucose concentrations of three anesthetics on each shellfish were highest at 12 hrs after RA. At 6 hrs after RA, glucose concentrations of MS-222 on each shellfish were higher than those of clove oil and lidocaine-HCl and glucose concentration of granular ark was higher than those of the other shellfishes as well. From 12 to 48 hrs after RA, glucose concentrations of three anesthetics were decreased.