Abstract
The collapse of the Mycenaean civilisation of the Mediterranean coincided with the commencement of the Greek Dark Ages. The period of this age was between the thirteenth century BC and the eleventh century BC, and it coincided with a dramatic drop in Greece’s population. This drop may have been caused by a fall in agricultural productivity, due to the effects of climate change, being unable to support a large population base. The specific climate change could have been a prolonged drought, leading the soil to become unable to sustain agricultural crops. However, an alternative argument for the collapse of civilisation in the eastern Mediterranean between the thirteenth and the eleventh centuries is that there was a collapse of the economic system. Despite what factors may have caused the Mycenaean civilisation to collapse, the next four centuries were characterised by a decline in long distance trade and the predominance of rural as opposed to urban settlements.
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