Abstract
Current work aims to investigate the brain blood supply of the local rabbit, where 14 rabbits of both sexes were used with weights ranging from 3-3.5 kg. This study revealed that the rabbit's brain is supplied by the vertebral and internal carotid artery (ICA). The union of the vertebral arteries creates the basilar artery that runs on the ventral surface of the pons and medulla oblongata, forming at its end the posterior communicating arteries (PCA), as well as at the path of the basilar artery from which the following arteries are formed, which are the anterior cerebellar arteries, pons arteries, 1st posterior cerebellar artery, 2nd posterior cerebellar artery, and the medullary arteries. The ICA enters the cranium through the foramen lacerum, forming the anterior carotid network, from which an artery exits anteriorly, called the intracranial part of the ICA, and caudally exits the (PCA). The following arteries are created from the intracranial part of the ICA, which is the accessory anterior communicating artery that connects with the posterior communicating artery and the posterior cerebral artery (PCEA) forming the closed circle of Willis, the middle cerebral artery is also created anteriorly and laterally to distributed on the two cerebral hemispheres of the brain, as well as the anterior cerebral artery which directed forward to gives the marginal artery which represents the first terminal branch of the anterior cerebral artery, and at the marginal artery going toward the olfactory tract and then to the olfactory bulb from which the internal ethmoidal artery is created. The anterior communicating artery originates from the anterior cerebral artery and it is a small artery communicating the left and right anterior cerebral arteries with each other, and the posterior cerebral artery originates from the PCA, as well as the anterior cerebellar arteries arising from the PCA and accessory posterior communicating artery (APCA) and the anterior part of basilar artery, to supply the hemispheres of the cerebellum and the cerebellar vermis.
Highlights
It is no secret that the brain has great importance in regulating vital processes in the body and the importance of the brain is focused on sustaining life by being appropriate to its surroundings [1]
By following the injected blood vessels, the brain of rabbit was supplied with blood by the vertebral and internal carotid artery (ICA), the vertebral arteries on both sides connected to form the basal artery that runs along the ventral surface of the pons and medulla oblongata (Figure 1)
The basal artery send several divisions to end at anterior part near the pons and forming the posterior communicating arteries (PCA) (Figure 2 and 3), where they originate from the anterior part of the basal artery, as well as, the anterior cerebellar arteries originate from the lateral surface of the basal artery at both sides, it forms an acute angle with the basal artery (Figure 2,3), pons arteries are created, which are small arteries that originated from the lateral surface of the basal artery on both sides, the number ranges from 2-3 arteries on each side (Figure 2 and 3)
Summary
It is no secret that the brain has great importance in regulating vital processes in the body and the importance of the brain is focused on sustaining life by being appropriate to its surroundings [1]. The distribution of arteries in the brain of animals, including mammals, took great interest by those responsible for the studies on the arteries of the brain in various animals, including a description of the blood supply of the giraffe by Frackowiak et al [2], Felidae by Frackowiak et al [3], European beaver by Frackowiak et al [4], fallow deer by Godynicki [5], deer by Godynicki [6], dog, sheep and other mammals by Kapoor et al [7], Gerbil by Kuchinka et al [8], Egyptian mouse by Szczurokowski et al [9], squirrel by Ayidin [10] and bovine species by Zduin et al [11]. There are very few studies on brain blood supply in rabbits [15,16,17]. The lack of studies specialized in the brain blood supply of rabbit especially in the local rabbit, in particular, prompted us to carry out this study, through which we will highlight the blood supply of the nervous system inside the cranium
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