Anatomical Structure and Phytochemical Analysis of the Leaf, Stem and Root of Hydrangea Tree (<i>Hydrangea arborescens</i> L.)

Abstract

The relevance of the study is due to insufficient knowledge of the biological characteristics of hydrangeas. The aim of the research was to identify the anatomical and diagnostic features, as well as the chemical composition of the arborescent hydrangea (Hydrangea arborescens L.) from the collection of the South Ural Botanical Garden-Institute of the Ural Federal Research Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences. As a result of the research, it was found that the diagnostically significant features of the leaf of this type of hydrangea are the structure of the cells of the epidermis of the upper and lower sides of the leaf, the presence of an anomocytic stomatal apparatus on the lower side of the leaf, crystalline inclusions of calcium oxalate in the form of rafids on the upper and lower sides of the leaf, and simple hairs with coarse warty surface, multicellular base, as well as simple sinuous hairs on the underside of the leaf. Phytochemical analysis of leaves, stems and roots confirmed the presence of coumarins, ascorbic acid and tannins in them, and flavonoids in leaves. It has been established that the highest content of ascorbic acid (0.28 ± 0.014%) and tannins (7.13 ± 0.639%) is observed in the leaves of Hydrangea arborescens, coumarins in terms of umbelliferone in the roots (0.41 ± 0.007%), and the content of flavonoids in the leaves was 1.14 ± 0.048%.