Anatomical, Histochemical, and Physiological Analysis of Abutilon Indicum (L.) Sweet, Cassia Auriculata L. and Morinda Tinctoria Roxb. Collected from Polluted and Non-Polluted Habitat

Abstract

Air pollution has become a major environmental problem facing the world today due rapid increase in industrialization & anthropogenic activity. Vast plant species are facing threats due to specific single pollutants or mixtures of pollutants. The present study analyzed the anatomical, histochemical and physiological parameters in polluted and non-polluted environmental plants such as Abutilon indica, Cassia auriculata, and Morinda tinctoria. The results of anatomical research in polluted plants revealed an increase in the layers of epidermis, hypodermis, cortex, and endodermis compared to non-polluted plants. The total chlorophyll content (sample 1-6) of the leaf in polluted plants was found to be lower (0.414±0.0) when compared to the non-polluted plant. The relative water content was high (0.823±0.0) in non-polluted plants. The highest PH value was recorded in Cassia auriculata (7.2± 0.20) growing in non-polluted habitat, and the lowest PH values were observed in polluted area plants in the range of 5-7.