Anatomical and topographic substantiation of mandibular anesthesia in sheep

Abstract

This study presents an anatomical and topographic justification for performing mandibular anesthesia in sheep. The study was conducted on the basis of the Department of Anatomy and Histology of Animals named after Professor A. F. Klimov of the Moscow State Academy of Veterinary Medicine and Biotechnology – MBA named after K. I. Scriabin. The object of the study was sheep of the Romanov breed (n=20) aged 1-2 years without pronounced signs of pathology of the dental apparatus. The material for the study was the lower jaws (n=20) and survey radiographs of the head area (n=20). To achieve this goal, a comprehensive methodological approach was used, including: anatomical dissection and macromorphometry with the determination of skeletotopic and linear parameters of the mandible. Mandibular anesthesia is one of the most common manipulations in animal dentistry. For high-quality anesthesia of the mandibular branch of the trigeminal nerve, it is important to take into account the topical landmarks of the structures forming the mandibular canal. Based on the results of macromorphometry and rengenogrammetry, skeletotopic landmarks of the holes forming the mandibular canal are presented, which are important to take into account when performing anesthesia of the lower alveolar nerve. Comparative analysis of morphometric and rengenogrammetric parameters of the upper and lower jaws did not reveal significant differences in their linear parameters, which indicates the high informative value of the X-ray diagnostic method in assessing the morphofunctional state of the jaw bones and the channels located on them. The results obtained can be used in the development of new approaches to the mandibular branch of the trigeminal nerve during local anesthesia in veterinary and experimental dentistry.