Anatomical and topographic features of the quadriceps femoral muscle in small cattle

Abstract

The article presents data on the anatomical structure of the quadriceps femoral muscle in a sheep of the Dagestan breed. The points of fixation and the degree of development of the heads of this muscle have been clarified, additions have been made to their classification by internal structure.The research was carried out at the Department of Anatomy and Histology of Animals named after Professor A.F. Klimov of the Moscow State Academy of Veterinary Medicine and Biotechnology – MBA named after K.I. Scriabin. The material for the research was a sectional material – pelvic limbs (n=10), selected from adult sheep of the Dagestan mountain breed, without external signs of pathologies of the musculoskeletal system. It was found that the rectus head, at its proximal end, forms two tendon legs: the cranial leg is fixed in the slit–shaped "pit of the rectus femoris muscle", and the lateral leg is on the "lateral roughness" above the articular cavity of the ilium. Both legs, combining, enter the muscular abdomen, which allows you to type this muscle as a pinnate. The direction of the bundles of muscle fibers in the places of their fixation, allow us to assert that the lateral and medial heads of the quadriceps femoral muscle, in addition to the extension of the knee joint, also participate in its abduction and adduction, and also perform an optional function of hip flexors. Data on the topical features of anatomical formations on the pelvic (nameless) and femoral bones are presented – "the site of the lateral head of the quadriceps femoral muscle" on the large trochanter of the femur; "lateral roughness of the rectus femoris muscle" on the ilium.