Abstract
BackgroundAnaplasmosis is a vectorborne disease caused by the gram-negative bacterium Anaplasma phagocytophilum. This species displays positive tropism to granulocytes and can cause illness in several mammalian species, including cats, dogs, and humans. It is considered as an emerging disease in Europe. The clinical signs are nonspecific and include fever, lethargy, and inappetence. The most typical hematologic abnormality is thrombocytopenia. A tentative diagnosis can be made by detecting intracytoplasmic morulae inside neutrophils. The diagnosis is confirmed by PCR and serology in paired serum samples. A sample for PCR analysis should be taken before treatment. Anaplasmosis is treated with doxycycline.Case presentationA feline case of anaplasmosis is presented. The history, clinical presentation, diagnostics, treatment, and follow-up are discussed.ConclusionsThis case indicates that Anaplasma phagocytophilum infects cats in Finland. To provide accurate treatment, anaplasmosis should be listed as a differential diagnosis in cats suffering from acute febrile illness with previous tick exposure.
Highlights
Anaplasmosis is a vectorborne disease caused by the gram-negative bacterium Anaplasma phagocytophilum
This case indicates that Anaplasma phagocytophilum infects cats in Finland
Anaplasmosis should be listed as a differential diagnosis in cats suffering from acute febrile illness with previous tick exposure
Summary
Anaplasmosis is a vectorborne disease caused by the gram-negative bacterium Anaplasma phagocytophilum (encompassing the former Ehrlichia phagocytophila, Ehrlichia equi, and the human granulocytic ehrlichiosis agent) [1]. In Finland A. phagocytophilum infection has previously been reported only in cattle [13]. This is the first reported case of anaplasmosis in a cat as well as in any companion animal in Finland. The owner noticed two ticks attached to the cat’s skin, 1 day before the appointment. The complete blood count and biochemistry profile were analyzed. When the blood smear was analyzed, we detected intracytoplasmic morulae in the neutrophils. Follow-up At the control visit 30 days after initiating the treatment, the owner reported that the cat was clinically healthy. A serum biochemistry profile and complete blood count were obtained. The A. phagocytophilum antibody titer was analyzed. A titer of 1:32 or more was regarded as positive
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