Abstract
Jakarta is the economic hub of Indonesia and the primary target for urbanization. This condition encourages urban growth, particularly in the peri-urban regions of Jakarta. Uncontrolled urban growth impacts Jakarta negatively, because of its location downslope of eight watersheds. This study evaluated the spatiotemporal characteristics and types of urban growth in the watersheds that flow into Jakarta Bay using remote sensing data. Spatial rules revealed three urban growth types, including infilling, edge expansion, and outlying, from 2001 to 2017. Spatial metrics provided quantitative data on urban growth characteristics and explained the spatiotemporal dynamics of urban growth. The study area was divided into eight cardinal directions to analyze urban growth trends. From 2001 to 2017, the average annual urban and population growth rates were 3.75% and 3.9%, respectively. The prominent urban growth types, edge expansion and infilling, coalesced urban patches and rendered urban areas more compact. Results indicated that the North-West (NW) region demonstrated the most orderly urban growth, whereas the East region demonstrated the least.
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