Abstract
Vehicle-to-vehicle communication plays a strong role in modern wireless communication systems, appropriate channel models are of great importance in future research, and propagation environment with slope is one special kind. In this study, a novel three-dimensional nonstationary multiple-input multiple-output channel model for the sub-6 GHz band is proposed. This model is a regular-shaped multicluster geometry-based analytical model, and it combines the line-of-sight component and multicluster scattering rays as the nonline-of-sight components. Each cluster of scatterers represents the influence of different moving vehicles on or near a slope, and scatterers are, respectively, distributed within two spheres around the transmitter and the receiver. In this model, it is considered that the azimuth and elevation angles of departure and arrival are jointly distributed and conform to the von Mises–Fisher distribution, which can easily control the range and concentration of the scatterers within spheres to mimic the real-world situation well. Moreover, the impulse response and the autocorrelation function of the corresponding channel is derived and proposed; then, the Doppler power spectrum density of the channel is simulated and analyzed. In addition, the nonstationary characteristics of the presented channel model are observed through simulations. Finally, the simulation results are compared with measurement data in order to validate the utility of the proposed model.
Highlights
In recent years, the applications of vehicle-to-vehicle (V2V) communications have become more extensive and valuable, such as vehicular networking [1,2,3], the cooperative vehicular system [4], and intelligent transportation [5]
The main contributions of this study are as follows: (1) A nonstationary 3D V2V multipleinput multiple-output (MIMO) RS-geometry-based stochastic models (GBSMs) is proposed, which is applied to the scenario where Tx and Rx are surrounded by multiple vehicles on slope, and the vehicle can change lanes or overtake during the movement. e statistical properties of this MIMO channel model are derived and analyzed
Since the above measurement campaigns are completed on common roads without slope, in channel impulse response (CIR), timevarying ACF, and Doppler power spectrum density (PSD) simulations, the propagation scenario is reduced to a level load
Summary
The applications of vehicle-to-vehicle (V2V) communications have become more extensive and valuable, such as vehicular networking [1,2,3], the cooperative vehicular system [4], and intelligent transportation [5]. E motivation of this research is to present a flexible 3D nonstationary V2V channel model with multidirection distributing scatterers on or near slope terrain. (1) A nonstationary 3D V2V MIMO RS-GBSM is proposed, which is applied to the scenario where Tx and Rx are surrounded by multiple vehicles on slope, and the vehicle can change lanes or overtake during the movement. Nonstationary 3D RS-GBSM for V2V MIMO Channels e presented 3D RS-GBSM is for MIMO V2V communication systems, and the system structure is shown in Figures 1 and 2 We assume that both of Tx and Rx are surrounded by several vehicles. The effective scatterers are distributed over a section of the sphere and are distributed in the form of clusters, denoted by Sni ij We have − 2.5 m/s2 < x€ < 2.5 m/s2 and 2 m/s2 < y€ < 2 m/s2
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