Analytical methods in dairy cows nutrition and their application in creation of production health

Abstract

Received: 2015-07-14 | Accepted: 2015-11-24 | Available online: 2016-03-24 dx.doi.org/10.15414/afz.2016.19.01.07-10 The effect of quantity of nutrients on rumen fermentation and the level of metabolic markers in blood serum were simultaneously analysed in groups of dairy cows 21 days before and 21 days after parturition with aim to diagnose disorders in milk production in the transition period of dairy cows. Results of analysis of health disorders confirmed the following: low energy concentration in the diet insufficiently saturated with fibrous carbohydrates, followed with rapid change to concentrate type of diet after delivery resulted in insufficient adaptation of the rumen metabolism before and after rapid transition to production feeding rations after calving; the level indicative of acidification of the rumen environment. Investigation of intermediary metabolism confirmed pre- and post-partum lipomobilization, with increased values of NEFA in 68 % and 54 % of animals respectively, with liver load manifestation in 37 % and 69 % of animals, respectively. Keywords: lipomobilization, non-esterified fatty acid, rumen, intermediary metabolism  References  ALLEN M.S. and BRADFORD B.J. (2008) Optimizing Transition Cow Diets. Tri-State Dairy Nutrition Conference, April 22 and 23, 2008, Grand Wayne Center, Fort Wayne, Indiana., pp. 37-44.  DRACKLEY, J. K, OVERTON, T. R. and DOUGLAS, G. N (2001) Adaptations of glucose and long-chain fatty acid metabolism in liver of dairy cows during the periparturient period. J Dairy Sci, 84(E Suppl):E100-E112, doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.3168/jds.S0022-0302(01)70204-4  DRACKLEY J.K. (2010) Feeding transition cows: An apdate and re-interpretation. Minnesota dairy health conference 2010, St. Paul, Minnesota United States of Minnesota, pp. 28-40. [Online]. Retrieved November 14, 2015 from https://conservancy.umn.edu/bitstream/handle/11299/57203/Drackley.pdf?sequence=1  HARMON D. L.  (1992) Dietary influences on carbohydrates and small intestinal starch hydrolysis capacity in ruminants. J. Nutr., vol.122, no.1, pp.203-210.,  MEIJER R. and PEETERS K. (2010) The use of precision dairy farming in feeding and nutrition. The first north American conference on precision dairy management 2010 [Online]. Retrieved November 14, 2015 from http://www.deboerenveearts.nl/wp-content/uploads/2014/02/Meijer_The-Use-of-Precision-Dairy-Farming-in-Feeding-and-Nutrition.pdf  OSPINA, P.A. et al. (2010) Association between the proportion of sampled transition cows with increased nonesterified fatty acids and β-hydroxybutyrate and disease incidence, pregnancy rate, and milk production at the herd level. J. Dairy Sci., vol. 93, pp.595-3601. doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.3168/jds.2010-3074  OVERTON, T. R. and WALDRON, M. R.  (2004) Nutritional management of transition dairy cows: Strategies to optimize metabolic health. J. Dairy Sci., vol.87, pp.105–119. doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.3168/jds.S0022-0302(04)70065-X  OWENS, F. N. et al. (1998) Acidosis in cattle: A review. J. Anim Sci., vol. 76, no.1,pp. 275-286. doi: http://dx.doi.org//1998.761275x  SANTOS J.E.P. et al. (2012) Impacts of Metabolism and Nutrition During the Transition Period on Fertility of Dairy Cows. High Plains Dairy Conference , Amarillo, Texas, pp. 97- 112.  KNEGSEL Van, A. T. M. et al. (2007) Dietary energy source in dairy cows in early lactation: Metabolites and metabolic hormones. J. Dairy Sci., vol.90, no. 3, pp. 1477-1485. doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.3168/jds.S0022-0302(07)71633-8 VARGA G.A. (2007) Dietary energy density for the close-up. Dry cow – postpartum performance. Florida Ruminant Nutrition Symposium, January 30-31, 2007, Best Western Gateway Grand, Gainesville, Florida, pp. 1-14.