Abstract
The purpose of the article is to study the features of the development of the regions of Ukraine, the formation of a model of sustainable development of ecotourism. The bibliographic method made it possible to study the basic concepts,controversial and problematic issues, as well as the experience of solving them, proposed by scientists from different countries in this area of research. The analysis of efficiency has revealed the most competitive regions of Ukraine for conducting an environmentally oriented tourism business. The correlation and regression analysis results showed that the coefficient of determination R-square indicates a 94% correlation between the studied indicators. The growing dynamics of the number of subjects of tourist activity in Ukraine is noted. The primary data for cluster analysis were preliminarily formed, the presence of advantages and risks (anthropogenic effects) in 24 regions was determined, and promising directions for the development of ecotourism were identified. Cluster analysis, carried out using IBM SPSS software, determined the Euclidean distance and grouped the analyzed regions of Ukraine into clusters with the most similar characteristics. As a result of the study, the author’s vision of the essence of ecotourism, the logic of applying the methodology of cluster analysis was substantiated. The hypothesis about the influence of cultural heritage sites on the number of tourists was refuted. Some recommendations are given for further improvement of the quality of ecotourism development as a priority direction in the formation of sustainable development. The study’s practical significance lies in the fact that the results of the work carried out can be used as reference material for those studying the topic.
Highlights
The global transformations associated with the impact on the environment caused by the consequences of human activities stimulate the search for options for the preservation of ecology and biological diversity in their rational combination with the tourism sector
We began an analytical assessment of determining the prospects for sustainable development of ecological tourism by studying the quantitative composition of the category of subjects of tourism activity in Ukraine at the beginning of 2014–2020, including tour operators, travel agents and subjects carrying out excursion activities (Table 1)
The quantitative advantage that remains for the Dnipro (429 units) and Lviv regions (420 units) is explained by the fact that these regions have rather large cities with a developed infrastructure, which clearly demonstrates the requests for tourist business services
Summary
The global transformations associated with the impact on the environment caused by the consequences of human activities stimulate the search for options for the preservation of ecology and biological diversity in their rational combination with the tourism sector. Ecotourism in world practice is considered as one of the promising areas of the tourism industry focused on political, environmental, economic, technological, social, and cultural potential. The main goal is to contribute to the preservation and development of protected areas, draw attention to the cultural and historical heritage, and form environmental awareness. Like most countries interested in the development of environmentally friendly tourism business, should use its advantages by analyzing its own prospects. Positive dynamics of the number of subjects of tourism activity in Ukraine in 2014–2020 can serve as an assumption about an increase in demand for tourism services and a basis for studying the competitiveness of regions
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