Abstract
The detailed microstructure of oxides at the metal–scale interface of a commercial, hot-rolled steel strip has been examined using analytical electron microscopy. A continuous magnetite layer of about 1–2 μm thick was observed at the interface. The magnetite layer often contained cracks propagating in directions parallel to the interface. In the vicinity of the cracks, the magnetite was oxidized to nanosized maghemite (γ-Fe2O3). We also observed evidence indicating the existence of microchannels which were roughly perpendicular to the interface and might allow oxygen to reach the embedded cracks. Oxide above the magnetite layer was a mixture of α-iron and magnetite produced by wustite decomposition.
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