ANALYTICAL AND COMPARATIVE STUDY OF CHANGE IN FUNCTIONAL PURPOSE OF SOME ARCHAEOLOGICAL AND HISTORICAL ARCHITECTURES IN CAIRO DURING THE 19TH AND 20TH CENTURIES

Ghadeer Dardier Afify Khalifa

doi:10.21303/2504-5571.2019.00875

Abstract

This research paper aims to discuss the nature of change in the functional purpose of some archaeological and historical buildings in Cairo during the 19th and 20th centuries along with a comparative study of some of the most important heritage constructions and evidences in the world, such as the British Museum in London, as well as the Historical Railway Station of Orsay in Paris. There are some practical attempts and technical procedures that have been carried out to achieve some functional purposes, differ from the original purposes of the archaeological and historical buildings in Cairo in particular. In a similar way, this has been applied to historical and heritage buildings around the world in general. The methodology of this study will be addressed through analytical and comparative study of the original idea or the original functional purpose of these archaeological and historical buildings.The outlines and features of change in the functional purpose of these archaeological and historical buildings are represented in some technical procedures like the technique of adaptive rehabilitation or rehabilitation in terms of adaptation, so there is a necessity for conformity and harmony between heritage buildings and modern functional purpose, and this should be done without any disagreement and repulsion with the original functional purpose. There is also a necessity to protect the original functional purpose, which should be adapted to the modern functional purpose in order to achieve compatibility between old and new integration processes.

Highlights

There are some terms related to the content of this research paper, such as habilitation, rehabilitation, qualification, requalification, adaptation, readaptation, amendment, modification, modulation, improvement and modernization
There is a technical process of modification with various meanings, which involves establishing or founding something that was not before at the same way as it became after modification, modulation or amendment [16,17,18], as there is a technique of adaptive rehabilitation or rehabilitation in terms of adaptation, where there is a necessity for conformity and harmony between heritage buildings and modern functional purpose, this should be done without any disagreement and repulsion with the original functional purpose [1, 2, 7,8,9,10,11,12,13, 16]
The outlines and features of change in functional purpose of archaeological and historical buildings in Cairo during the 19th and 20th centuries and in heritage buildings in general are represented in some technical procedures, such as the technique of adaptive rehabilitation or rehabilitation in terms of adaptation, where there is a necessity for conformity and harmony between heritage buildings and modern functional purpose, this should be done without any disagreement and repulsion with the original functional purpose

Summary

Introduction

There are some terms related to the content of this research paper, such as habilitation, rehabilitation, qualification, requalification, adaptation, readaptation, amendment, modification, modulation, improvement and modernization. It should be noted that the functional purposes, required from these linguistic terms, may differ in terms of the practical aspect, configuration and design methods, this is when there are some technical procedures that are performed in archaeological and historical buildings, these actions are a series of steps such as extension, elimination and reduction [1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9]. Requalification, adaptation, readaptation, amendment, modification, modulation, improvement, modernization [16], these terms are equal in meaning to habilitation and rehabilitation In other words, these terms refer to practical actions and technical procedures that are implemented and applied to the functional purposes of archaeological and historical buildings in order to improve, modernize and refit their conditions in accordance with requirements of the modern era. The original functional purpose of some archaeological and historical buildings in Cairo during the

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